TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION

These tests establish a baseline of cognitive function before tDCS intervention. They may include:

• Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

• Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

• Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

• Trail Making Test

• Stroop Test

For studies focusing on pain management, various pain scales are used to measure pain intensity and perception, such as:

• Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

• Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

• McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ)

Monitoring for adverse effects is crucial during tDCS interventions. Commonly assessed adverse effects include:

• Skin irritation or burns under electrodes

• Headache

• Fatigue

• Nausea

• Cognitive or mood changes

Motor function assessments evaluate changes in motor performance before and after tDCS. Common tests include:

• Finger Tapping Test

• Purdue Pegboard Test

• Nine-Hole Peg Test

• Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test

These tests directly assess brain activity and may include:

• Electroencephalography (EEG)

• Event-related Potentials (ERPs)

• Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

• Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) measures

These assessments evaluate mood, emotion, and psychiatric symptoms. Examples include:

• Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)

• Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)

• Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)

• Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia

These tests assess functional abilities relevant to daily life activities, such as:

• Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)

• Berg Balance Scale

• Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)